Table 3 Results of marginal effects on children’s educational achievement

	Attendance			Literacy
Variables	year 2013	year 2016	VARIABLES	year 2013	year 2016
Paternal education			Paternal education
PSLC	0.0012	2.22E-07	PSLC	0.151***	0.0913***
	— 0.002	— 7.82E-07		— 0.0425	— 0.0274
JCE	0.0004	1.79E-07	JCE	0.257***	0.136***
	— 0.001	— 6.13E-07		— 0.0416	— 0.0234
MSCE	0.0013	2.31E-07	MSCE	0.222***	0.171***
	— 0.002	— 7.99E-07		— 0.0464	— 0.0222
Tertiary	0.0015	-	Tertiary	0.409***	0.215***
	— 0.003			— 0.0698	— 0.0218
Maternal education			Maternal education
PSLC	0.0013	—1.93E-06	PSLC	0.177***	0.0740***
	— 0.002	— 6.52E-06		— 0.0454	— 0.0236
JCE	0.0012	6.29E-09	JCE	0.279***	0.0943***
	— 0.002	— 1.60E-07		— 0.0506	— 0.0267
MSCE	0.0003	— 0.00002	MSCE	0.260***	0.0728
	— 0.002	— 0.00007		— 0.0744	— 0.0478
Tertiary	— 0.154	-	Tertiary	0.247*	-
	— 0.174			— 0.13
Age	0.001	— 3.06E-06	Age	0.146***	0.0665***
	— 0.002	— 0.00001		— 0.0103	— 0.0044
Household size	0.0003	9.91E-06	Household size	—0.0117*	0.000361
	— 0.0006	— 0.00001		— 0.00658	— 0.00419
Welfare	2.13E-08	1.65E-09	Welfare	5.06e-07*	3.33e-07*
	— 3.88E-08	— 1.78E-09		— 2.63E-07	— 1.95E-07
Primary	0.004	0.00004	Primary	0.260***	0.210***
	— 0.006	— 0.0001		— 0.0537	— 0.0369
Girl	— 0.0001	— 0.0002	Girl	0.0971***	0.0312*
	— 0.0005	— 0.0001		— 0.0282	— 0.0176
Obs	1,189	1,641	Obs.	1,189	1,641

Robust standard errors in parentheses p<0.1,
p<0.05,
p<0.01.
JCE, lower secondary; MSCE, upper secondary.