Table 2 Cohen and Uphoff (1980) classification of participation

Types of Participation	Participation in decision-making
	Participation in implementation
	Participation in benefits
	Participation in evaluation
Who Participates?	Local residents
	Local leaders
	Government personnel
	Foreign personnel
How is participation occuring?	Basis of participation
	Form of participation
	Extent of participation
	Effect of participation

Source: (Bene, 2006).