Table 13 Comparison Saemaul Movement project and village fund program from 2015-2018

Period Saemaul Movement Project in 1970-1979 Village fund program (2015 - 2018)
Overall Objective Enhance the quality of life through poverty alleviation 1. Improving public services in the village
2. Poverty alleviation
3. Promote rural economy
4. Improving Inequality development gaps in the villages
5. Strengthening rural communities as subjects of development
Effectiveness Transformation from recipient country to ODA (Official Development Assistance) country ODA recipient and contributed in SDGs (Sustainable development goals)
Self-help approach Principle Self help, diligence, and cooperation Recognition, togetherness, subsidiarity, diversity, mutual cooperation, kinship, deliberation, democracy, independence, participation, equality, empowerment, and sustainability.
Beneficiaries Rural areas will be the initial focus, followed by urban regions for a nationwide program. All of the villages in province, in regency, in city all over Indonesia
Villagers participation in large numbers Villagers participation in large numbers
Financial resources Government support & self-sufficiency Government fully funded supported
Institutional coordination Stakeholder engagement All main stakeholders were involved and participated in the planning, execution, and evaluation stages. From planning, implementing, administration, reporting and accountability
Linkages among institutions There are strong vertical and horizontal links between the institutions. Weak in vertical approach and Strong in horizontal approach between institutions
Lead agency Ministry of home affairs Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Village, Ministry of Home Affair
At the local level, Saemaul Movement has an administrative agency and a local council. Local government in the city and regency
Implementation approach Approach Approaches from top-down and bottom-up Approaches from top-down and bottom-up
Project design The president launched a national policy frameworks for community (village) development. Medium Term National Development Planning (RPJMN) for all of village in Indonesia from 2015 until present
Strategy Community participation and decentralized program Community participation and decentralized program
Project implementation have four step to do. The implementation of the project have two steps
According to the growth level of the community, it was classified as a basic, self-developing, or self-reliant village. Based on: number of villagers, rural poverty rate, village area, and the geographical difficulty of the village.
Project The government suggests 40 projects, which the villagers contribute to, however the villagers select which improvements are necessary for the community. In 2018 the project was implemented in 33 provinces, in 434 cities, 73.218 villages, total allocation 60 Trillion Rupiah
The program’s focus was on reliability and long-term sustainability. Projects with a low chance of succeeding and a significant output and result were applied first, followed by the hard ones. In 2015-2016 project with high return of outcome in 2015-2016:
- Village road 95.2 thousand km,
- Bridge 914,000 meter
- Waterways 22.616 unit
- Revolution village 1.338 unit
- Village health clinic 4,004 unit
- Village market 3,106 unit
- Draw well 19.485 unit
- Drainage and Irrigation 103,405 unit
Project have high risk in implementation, however supervising by Audit Board Agency