Table 5 Respondents and variables

Respondents:
Distribution to: KOICA ODA project experienced pratitioners from KOICA & CM, n=28 effective responses collected in total
Variables:
Categorized into 3 phases in a preconstruction period and Empirical risk factors at each phase, which are inhibiting effective cost and time control of ODA construction project;
 Planning phase: 10 risk factors
 Design phase: 16 risk factors
 Bidding phase: 11 risk factors
Scores on a five-point scaled level (or rankings) of each risk factor (① very low, ② low, ③ neutral, ④ high, ⑤ very high) for three perspectives of ‘frequency of occurrence,’ ‘severity of effects on the project,’ and ‘probability of detection on the cause.’
Note: ODA, Official Development Assistance; CM, Construction Manager.