| Risk factors at design phase |
| D01 | Discordance between project purpose & design concepts |
| D02 | Inadequate consideration of requests from both KOICA & recipient country in the design outputs |
| D03 | Lack of reliability in the geological survey data |
| D04 | Design drawings that are different from project site conditions |
| D05 | Structural design & construction method not considering the local capability |
| D06 | Building size & finishing materials not considering the project budget |
| D07 | Improper cost estimates |
| D08 | Unclearly specified undertakings & exclusion out of the contractor’s SOW |
| D09 | Inappropriate materials & equipment not considering the local environment and maintenance |
| D10 | Uncomplying with local codes |
| D11 | Insufficient design of energy-saving & passive solar system fitting to the local conditions |
| D12 | Exterior design not considering the image of KOICA ODA |
| D13 | Lack of details, omission, mistakes, and ambiguousness of design drawings |
| D14 | Design Specification improper to the local construction works |
| D15 | Omission & errors in the BOQ |
| D16 | Discrepancies among the design outputs like drawings, BOQs, specifications, etc. |