Table 1 Characteristics of study participants in 2008 and 2015

Variables	2008 (Pre-reform)		2015 (Post-reform)
	N=2,296		N=3,463
	N	%	N	%
Physical ability (ADL)
Good	2,046	89.1	3,281	94.7
Bad	250	10.9	182	5.3
Physical ability (IADL)
Good	2,000	87.1	3,109	89.8
Bad	296	12.9	354	10.2
Age (yr)
18–29	556	24.2	859	24.8
30–39	418	18.2	715	20.6
≥40	1,322	57.6	1,889	54.5
Gender
Male	1,016	44.3	1,483	42.8
Female	1,280	55.7	1,980	57.2
Education
Elementary school	690	30.1	972	28.1
Middle school	465	20.3	461	13.3
High school	669	29.1	1,014	29.3
University and above	472	20.6	1,016	29.3
Marital status
Married	1,604	69.9	2,317	66.9
Others1)	692	30.1	1,146	33.1
Residence
Urban	2,050	89.3	3,400	98.2
Rural	246	10.7	63	1.8
Health insurance
Yes	870	37.9	1,918	55.4
No	1,426	62.1	1,545	44.6
Health condition
Healthy	1,690	73.6	2,327	67.2
Unhealthy	606	26.4	1,136	32.8

Note: Separated, single, divorced, widow/er, cohabitate.
ADL, Activities of Daily Living; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living